The effect of Al (OH) 3 on the hydrogen generation from Al/water system is evaluated. Four synthesized and one commercial Al (OH)3 powders are employed to investigate their assistance to the hydrogen generation from Al/water system at room temperature. It was found that the Al (OH)3 product derived from Al (NO) 3 precursor exhibits the best catalytic effect and exerts the highest hydrogen generation rate.100 % yield of hydrogen (1, 360 ml/g Al at 25oC) can be achieved within 6 min at a proper Al: Al (OH)3: H2O weight ratio (3: 15: 50). That is, by adjusting Al: Al (OH)3: H2O ratio, the highest hydrogen generation rate ever reported so far, without using any alloying elements or corrosive additives, can be achieved.

Background: Although a number of investigation have been carried out to find alternative adjuvants to aluminum salts in vaccine formulations, they are still extensively used due to their good track record of safety, low cost and proper adjuvanticity with a variety of antigens. Adsorption of antigens onto aluminum compounds depends heavily on electrostatic forces between adjuvant and antigen. Commercial recombinant protein hepatitis B vaccines containing aluminum hydroxide as adjuvant is facing low induction of immunity in some sections of the vaccinated population. To follow the current global efforts in finding more potent hepatitis B vaccine formulation, adjuvanticity of aluminum phosphate has been compared to aluminum hydroxide. Materials and methods: The adjuvant properties of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate in a vaccine formulation containing a locally manufactured hepatitis B (HBs) surface antigen was evaluated in Balb/C mice. The formulations were administered intra peritoneally (i.p.) and the titers of antibody which was induced after 28 days were determined using ELISA technique. The geometric mean of antibody titer (GMT), seroconversion and seroprotection rates, ED50 and relative potency of different formulations were determined. Results: All the adjuvanicity markers obtained in aluminum phosphate formulation were significantly higher than aluminum hydroxide. The geometric mean of antibody titer of aluminum phosphate was approximately three folds more than aluminum hydroxide.Conclusion: aluminum phosphate showed more adjuvanticity than aluminum hydroxide in hepatitis B vaccine. Therefore the use of aluminum phosphate as adjuvant in this vaccine may lead to higher immunity with longer duration of effects in vaccinated groups.

Despite the extensive use of polyolefins, especially in the form of lithium-ion battery (LIB) separators, their flammability limits their large-scale battery applications. Therefore, the fabrication of flame-retardant LIB separators has attracted much attention in recent years. In this work, composite separators were fabricated by applying a ceramic-based composite coating composed of a metal hydroxide as a filler and flame-retardant agent (Aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH)3) and a binder (Poly(vinylidene Fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), P(VDF-HFP)) to the polypropylene (PP) commercial separator. Thermal shrinkage, thickness, air permeability, porosity, wettability, ionic conductivity, flame retardancy, and electrochemical performance of the fabricated ceramic-coated composite separator were investigated. The results showed that the addition of Al(OH)3 particles improved thermal shrinkage (~8 %) and flame retardancy of the commercial separator, which can prevent dimensional changes at high temperatures and significantly increase LIBs safety. Applied 11 μ m ceramic-based coating layer on PP commercial separator had 76 % porosity that increased the value of air permeability from 278. 15 (s/100 cc air) to 312. 8 (s/100 cc air), causing much facile air permeation through the pores of commercial separator than the composite one. Furthermore, suitable electrolyte uptake and the contact angle of ceramic coated separator (135 % and 91. 19° , respectively) facilitated ion transport through the pores, which effectively improved the ionic conductivity of Al(OH)3-coated PP separator (about 1. 4 times higher than bare separator). Moreover, the cell comprising Al(OH)3-coated PP separator had better cyclic performance than that of bare PP separator. All these characteristics make the fabricated flame-retardant Al(OH)3 composite separator an appropriate candidate to ensure the safety of the large-scale LIB.

aluminum hydroxide is a compound with diverse crystalline structures, some of which demonstrate the ability to remove chemicals from aqueous solutions. In this report, aluminum hydroxide with the Bayerite structure was synthesized and used to remove Citric Acid (CA). This structure was not modified under the reaction conditions where CA ranged from 2 to 6 mg of CA in 20 mL of water, the temperature ranged from 30 to 90 ° C, and time ranged from 8 to 24 h. The constants in the Freundlich model indicated that adsorption is the phenomenon governing the CA capture by aluminum hydroxide. According to infrared spectroscopy data, adsorption of CA was produced by the hydrogen bond of hydroxyl groups in aluminum hydroxide with either carboxylate or carboxylic groups in CA. The highest removal of CA was 92. 12% and the temperature was the only factor with an effect on the percentage of CA removal.

Artemia Cyst is a kind of live food which has external hard cuticle which should be de membrane before usage. Artemia Cysts membrane can be eliminated with the use of capsule remover. In this study, in order to determine the most effective capsule remover, Cysts (Artemia franciscana)  were primarily exposed to 8%, 16%, and 24% levels  of chemical material including Sodium sulfate (Na2So4), aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3) and aluminum acetate (AlC2H5O4) respectively for 10 minutes and Hypochlorite was used as the control treatment. After that, the Cysts with 2 g/l density at 27 ºC for 24 hours were hatched. The results showed that the most hatching rate (70 percent) was related to ALCOH3 and the least rate (21 percent) was related to Na2Co4 revealed a significant difference between them (p<0.05). According to the results, It is suggested to be used of aluminum hydroxide in order to increase the efficiency of Artemia cysts (A. franciscana) hatching.

In this study, cellulosic cotton fabrics were treated with different concentrations of nano aluminum hydroxide (ATH) dispertions. The optimum coating method of nano particles and the thermal and color characteristics of cellulosic fabrics were studied using SEM, TGA, DSC and reflectance spectrophotometry and the results were discussed. It was concluded that the ATH could be considered as a suitable envirmentaly friendly fire retardant for cotton. The results also show that the coating has only a small (if any) effect on the color coordinate values of the treated fabric.

Nowadays, catalyst supports are used extremely for decreasing cost and increasing contact surface in chemical reactions. Specific surface area, compressive strength and proper porosity are some of the most important characteristics of a catalyst support. Alumina has been used extremely in recent decades, due to its wide range of these properties and having various phases. In this study, sol-gel method is used for producing alumina catalyst support. Various additives and common methods for increasing surface area aren’t used in this study. The results show that using aluminium nitrate salt and ammonia as precipitating agent yields catalyst supports with the best specific surface area (300 m2/g). Also alumina catalyst support which is produced by using ammonia and aluminium sulphate with 51 m2/g has lowest amount of BET.

In this work firstly magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) were prepared using sono-chemical reaction at solvent of water without applying any surface active agent. Effect of various sono-chemistry parameters such as power, cycles, time and volume on the size and shape of nanostructures were investigated. Secondly nanoparticles were modified and coated by ethyl cellulose capping agent. Modified nanoparticles were added to cellulose acetate and surface of wood for investigation of flame retardancy. Thermal stability were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Flame retardancy were examined by UL-94 and heat release tests.